Description: In a forced circulation evaporator, the liquid feed is pumped into steam-heated tubes at an entering velocity of 2-6 m/s from the bottom. The liquid is superheated as the static head is reduced during flow from the heater to the vapour separator and it flashes into a mixture of vapour and liquid. The liquid returns to the pump inlet, where it is recirculated. Vapour leaves from the top of the effects. This type of evaporator is ideal for concentration of viscous liquids with high specific gravity or that tends to form scaling. Applications are in: tomato paste, mango pulp, salt crystallisation and effluents where crystallisation takes place.
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