Silicones are inorganic-organic polymers. These materials consist of an inorganic silicon-oxygen backbone with organic side groups attached to the silicon atoms, which are four-coordinate. These are also used to make the heat resistant tiles on the bottom of the space shuttle. There are no carbon atoms in the backbone chain. The backbone is a chain of alternating silicon and oxygen atoms.

Softeners are used to remove the hard calcium and magnesium minerals from water. It works by replacing the calcium and magnesium ions in hard water with sodium ions. A complete softener system consists of a small bed of plastic beads or a chemical composition matrix called zeolite that contains the sodium ions. When the water passes through the matrix or the bed of beads, the sodium ions change places with the calcium and magnesium ions. When all of the sodium ions are expended, the matrix or beads are soaked in a salt solution to regenerate the source of sodium ions.

Softeners are used to treat hard water. It works by replacing the calcium and magnesium in the water with sodium. It may also remove a small amount of iron or manganese. It is used to remove hard calcium, magnesium, and other minerals from water. A complete water softener system consists of a small bed of plastic beads or a chemical composition matrix called zeolite that contains the sodium ions. When the water passes through the matrix or the bed of beads, the sodium ions change places with the calcium and magnesium ions. When all of the sodium ions are expended, the matrix or beads are soaked in a salt solution to regenerate the source of sodium ions.

Solvent dye is a dye which is soluble in an organic solvent and is mostly introduced in the form of a solution in an organic solvent. These are used to color organic solvents, hydrocarbon fuels, waxes, lubricants, plastics, and other hydrocarbon-based nonpolar materials. Fuel dyes are one use of solvent dyes. Their molecules are typically nonpolar or little polar, and they do not undergo ionization. They are insoluble in water. It is usually used as a solution in an organic solvent.

Speciality Chemicals are divided into two groups such as performance chemicals and fine chemicals. Fine chemical is used by pharmaceutical, pesticide and herbicide industries. The performance chemicals perform a specific function such as facilitate adhesion, improve flow of gas or oil through a pipeline and inhibit corrosion.

Specialty oxidation catalyst is used to activate the bleach systems in laundry stain removers, laundry additives and laundry detergents. It enables effective stain removal at lower wash temperatures, efficient stain removal with shorter wash cycles, efficient stain removal while saving on bleach and an anti-greying effect on white fabrics.

Stencil Removers are used for fast and thorough removal of direct emulsions, CDF direct-films and UP3 from all types of mesh including metalized polyester. It has no strong alkalis or hypo chlorites. It will not attack adhesives on stretch and glue frames. IT is a strong oxidant. It can cause skin irritation.

Strippers are specialized chemicals that are good at removing paints and coatings. Very special precautions must be taken when using this material. They dissolve the chemical bonds in a coating so that it can be scraped away.

Surfactant is also known as wetting agents. It is used to lower the surface tension of coatings and paints. Surfactants also lower the interfacial tension between two liquids. It reduces the surface tension of water by adsorbing at the liquid-gas interface. It also reduces the interfacial tension between oil and water by adsorbing at the liquid-liquid interface. Surfactant is classified by the presence of formally charged groups in its head. It is divided into four primary groups such as anionic, cationic, non-ionic, and dual charge.

Textile Dyes are used for modeling textile wastes are analyzed by UV/visible spectrophotometry. Textile dyes include acid dyes and used mainly for dyeing wool, silk & nylon and direct or substantive dyes, which have a strong affinity for cellulose fibres.